Escrito el 30 de Marzo de 2009 en Español y con un tamaño de 3.304 bytes.
2.How did Castile evolve? Castile Under the Caliphate of Cordoba,the Muslims attacked Leon.At the same time,Castile became independent.Castile provided defence against Muslim attacks from the valley of the River Ebro.It was divided into counties under the Count Fernan Gonzalez(930-970). Leon began to decline at the end of the 10th century.This increased the power of the counts of Castile and the kings of Navarre.In 1035,Castile became an independent kingdom. The Pyrenean region The Pyrenean region formed the Spanish March within the Carolingian Empire.In the 9th century,the Carolingian Empire dissolved.3 different independent regions were formed:Navarre,Aragon and the Catalan counties. 1.The Kingdom of Navarre From the 10th ventury,the Jimena dynasty ruled in Navarre and extended their influence to La Rioja and Alava.Sancho 3 the Great (1000-1035) became the most powerfull Christian king on the Peninsula.His kingdom included the Aragonese counties,Castile and part of Leon.However,his kingdom broke up after his death. 2.The Aragonese counties In 922,Aragon came under the rule of the kingdom of Navarre.The family of Count Aznar Galindo achieved independence after the death of Sancho 3. 3.The Catalan counties In 874,Wilfred the Hairy united the Catalan counties.He ruled them independently.Good relations with the caliphs of Cordoba brought a period of stability.Catalonia consolidated its independence in the 10th century
3.What was the art of the Christian kingdom like? Asturian art Asturian art developed between the 8th and 10th centuries.The best examples are the small stone churches in or near Oviedo,such as San Miguel de Lillo and San julian de los Prados.However,the best Known is Santa Maria del Naranco,which was originally built as a palace but later used as a church.Asturian art also included some fine Gold and silverwork,such as the Cross of the Angels. Mozarabic art The Mozarabic art style emerged in the Christian kingdoms in the 10th century.It was developed by the Mozarabs who had run away from Al-Andalus.The interiors of the churches are similar to Muslim art in their use of horseshoe arches and capitals.The best example is the church of San Miguel de Escalada in Leon.The beatus,a religious manuscript with beautiful illustrations,is also characteristic of Mozarabic art.Afamous example is the Beatus of Liebana. Mudejar art Mudejar art emerged in the 12th century in Sahagun,Leon.Mudejar was the name given to the Muslims who remained in the Christian Kingdoms after the Reconquest.The buildings constructed by these Muslims was characterised by the use of bricks and ceramic tiles.Mudejar and Mozarabic art is only found in Spain.Some of the best exaples of Mudejar art are found in Leon,Toledo and Teruel
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