Examen de fisica

Los gases

1.El volumen
En el Sistema Internacional se mide en m³
2.La temperatura
En el Sistema Internacional se mide en Kelvin (K)
3.La presión
Def.: fuerza que ejerce una materia sobre las paredes delrecipiente que las contiene.
En el Sistema Internacional se mide en pascales (Pa).

Teoría cinético corpuscular

Se basa en el modelo cinético-corpuscular
Aplicado a los gases dice:
Los gases están formados por partículas separadas unas de otras en continuo movimiento.
Tienen un movimiento desordenado à movimiento browniano
Ocupan el volumen de todo el recipiente
Cuanto más rápido se mueva mayor es su temperatura.

Leyes de los gases
ØLey de Boyle-Mariotte

üCuando la temperatura es constante, si aumenta la presión disminuye el volumen y viceversa.
üFórmula: P · V = cte. à P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂

ØLey de Charles

üCuando la presión es constante, si aumenta el volumen aumenta la temperatura y viceversa.
üFórmula: 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ØLey de Gay-Lussac

üCuando el volumen es constante, si aumentamos la presión aumenta la temperatura y viceversa
üFórmula: 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ØEcuación general de los gases ideales.

üRelaciona la presión, el volumen y la temperatura.
üFórmula:

Leyes de los gases
Ley de Boyle-Mariotte

Cuando la temperatura es constante, si aumenta la presión disminuye el volumen y viceversa.
Fórmula: P · V = cte. à P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂

Ley de Charles

Cuando la presión es constante, si aumenta el volumen aumenta la temperatura y viceversa.
Fórmula:

Ley de G-Lussac

Cuando el volumen es constante, si aumentamos la presión aumenta la temperatura y viceversa
Fórmula:

Ecuación general de los gases ideales.

Relaciona la presión, el volumen y la temperatura.
Fórmula: