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ALQUENOS
R-CH=CH-R+HX{}R-CHX-CH3 hidracidos
R-CH=CH2+H2SO4{H2O}R-CH(-(OH)-CH3+H2SO4
R-CH=CH R*{MnO4 ( - )}R-CHOH-CHOH-R* diol
R-R*-C=CH-R**+O3{Zn/H2O}R-CO-R*+R**-COH OR
R-R*-C=CH-R**+O3{ H2O2} R-CO-R*+R**-COOH OO
ALQUINOS
HC=-CH+H2O{H+,HgSO4}CH2=CHOH{{}}CH3COH
2HC=-CH{CuCl2}HC=-C-CH{CuCl2,HC=-CH}_____
CH2=CH-C=-C-CH=CH2 autoadicion
BENCENO
[O]+HNO3{H2SO4}[O]-NO2+H2O+H2SO4
[O]+H2SO4{}[O]-SO3H+H2SO4(-)+H3O(+)
[O]+Cl2{AlCl3}[O]-Cl+HCl
[O]+R-X{AlCl3}[O]-R+HX
ALCOHOLES
2ROH+Na{}2RO(-)Na(+)+H2
R-OOH+R*-OH{}R-COOH-R*+H2O estereficacion
2R-OH{H2SO4}R-O-R+H2O
R-CH2-CH2OH{H2SO4}R-CH=CH2+H2O
R-CH2OH{Cr2O7(=)}RCHO
R-CH2OH{MnO4(-)}RCOOH
R-CHOH-CH3{}R-CO-CH3+H2O
ETERES
R-O-R*{2HBr}R-Br+R*-Br+H2O
[O]-O-R{2HBr}[O]-OH+R-Br
CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3{O2}CH3-CH(-(OH)_______
-O-O-CH(-(OH)CH3
ALDEHIDOS Y CETONAS
R-COH+H2{}R-CH2-OH
R-CO-R*+H2{}R-CHOH-R*
R-COH{CU(2+)+OH(-)}R-COO(-)+H2O+CuO fehling
R-COH{Ag(+)+OH(-)}R-COO(-)+H2O+Ag tollens

ACIDOS
RCOOH+NAOH{{}}Na(+)RCOOH(-)+H2O
RCOOH+Zn{{}}Zn(2+)(RCOO(-))2+H2
RCOOH+R*OH{{H(+)}}RCOOR*+H2O
RCOOH{LiAlH4/H(+)}RCH2OH
RCOOH+3H2{H2/Ni}RCH3+H2O
ESTERES
RCOOR*+H2O{{}}RCOOH+R*OH
RCOOR*+NaOH{}RCOONa+R*OH
RCOOR*+NH3{{}}RCO-NH2+R*OH
HALUROS DE ACILO
R-CO-Cl+H2O{}R-COOH+HCl
R-CO-Cl+NH3{}R-CO-NH2+HCl
R-CO-Cl+H-O-R*{}R-CO-O-R*+HCl
R-CO-Cl+H-O-[O]{}R-CO-O-[O]+HCl
ANHIDRIDOS DE ACIDO
R-CO-NH2+H2O{H(+)/OH(-)}RCOOH+NH4(+)
AMINAS
R-COOR*+R**-NH-R***{}R-CO-N(-(R**)-R***+R*-OH
R-CO-Cl+R*-NH-R**{}R-CO-N(-(R**)-R*+HCl
NITRILOS
R-CN+H2O+H3O(+){}R-CO-OH+NH4(+)
NITROCOMPUESTOS
[O]-NO2{6HCl,fECl2}[O]-NH2+2H2O+3Cl2
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Etiquetas:
r – ch – oh rcooh 3h2 R- CO-R que es el CHOH R-CH(OH)-R´ + O2 → R-CO-R´ R-CH2OH + O  H2O + R-CHO choh • r-choh-r r-co-r choh que es R-CO-NH2 + NaOH à R-COONa + NH3 r-choh-ch3 estereficacion autoadicion autoadiccion de alquenos autoadiccion de los alcoholes r-choh-r CH2-CH-C=CH r-CHOH R-COOH -> R-CH3 que es choh r-coo-r