Dominando la Gramática Esencial del Inglés: Tiempos Verbales y Modales

Tiempos Verbales Fundamentales

Past Simple

• I was
• He/She/It was
• You/We/They were

Past Continuous

• Structure: was/were + verb + -ing

Used To

Used to talk about habits or states that were true in the past but are not now.

• Positive: Subject + used to + base verb + complement
• Negative: Subject + didn't use to + base verb + complement
• Interrogative: Did + subject + use to + base verb + complement?

Present Perfect with Regular and Irregular Verbs

Used to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or actions completed in the past with a result in the present.

• Positive: Subject + have/has + past participle
• Negative: Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle
• Interrogative: Have/Has + subject + past participle?

Present Perfect with Already, Just, Still, and Yet

• Already

  Indicates an action that has happened sooner than expected or before now.

  • Subject + have/has + already + past participle

• Just

  Refers to an action that happened a very short time ago.

  • Subject + have/has + just + past participle

• Still

  Indicates an action that has not happened, has not finished, or is still ongoing. Often used in negative sentences or with continuous tenses.

  • Subject + is/are/am + still + verb-ing (for ongoing actions)
  • Subject + isn't/aren't/am not + still + verb-ing

• Yet

  Used in negative and interrogative sentences to refer to an action that has not happened or been completed up to the present time.

  • Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle + yet
  • Have/Has + subject + past participle + yet?

Present Perfect with For, Since, and How Long

• For

  Used to indicate a duration or period of time.

  • Subject + have/has + past participle + for + time period

• Since

  Used to indicate the starting point of an action.

  • Subject + have/has + past participle + since + specific time/event

• How Long

  Used to ask about the duration of an action.

  • How long + have/has + subject + past participle?

Verbos Modales y Auxiliares

Can / Could / Be Able To

• Can

  Used to talk about present ability or possibility.

• Could

  Used to talk about past ability or possibility, or for polite requests.

• Be Able To

  Used to talk about ability in the future or in tenses where 'can'/'could' cannot be used (e.g., perfect tenses).

  • Subject + will/won't + be able to + base verb + complement

Should / Ought To

• Should

  Used to give advice or an opinion.

  • Subject + should/shouldn't + base verb + complement

• Ought To

  Can be used interchangeably with 'should' to give advice or an opinion, though it is slightly more formal.

  • Subject + ought to/ought not to + base verb + complement

Have To

Expresses obligation or necessity, often imposed by external rules or circumstances.

• Conjugation:
  • I/You/We/They: do/don't have to
  • He/She/It: does/doesn't have to
• Positive: Subject + have/has to + base verb + complement
• Negative: Subject + don't/doesn't have to + base verb + complement
• Interrogative: Do/Does + subject + have to + base verb + complement?

Must / Mustn't

• Must

  Expresses strong obligation or certainty, often from the speaker's personal conviction.

• Mustn't

  Expresses prohibition (something is not allowed).

• Structure: Subject + must/mustn't + base verb + complement

Need To

Follows the same grammatical structure as 'have to' and expresses necessity.

Estructuras Gramaticales Avanzadas

First / Second / Third Conditional

• First Conditional

  Used for real or very probable situations in the present or future.

  • If + Present Simple, Subject + will/won't + base verb

• Second Conditional

  Used for unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or future.

  • If + Past Simple, Subject + would + base verb

• Third Conditional

  Used for unreal situations in the past (regrets or missed opportunities).

  • If + Past Perfect, Subject + would have + past participle

Passive Voice: Present Simple

Used when the focus is on the action rather than the doer of the action.

• Structure: Subject + am/is/are + past participle