Dominando el Pasado en Inglés: Estados de Ánimo, Existencia y Verbos

Expresando Estados de Ánimo en Pasado

Traducción de estados de ánimo al español en tiempo pasado:

• You WERE angry: TÚ ESTUVISTE ENOJADO
• She WAS hungry: ELLA ESTUVO HAMBRIENTA
• We WERE dizzy: NOSOTROS ESTUVIMOS MAREADOS
• I WAS shocked: YO ESTUVE SORPRENDIDO
• They WERE tired: ELLOS ESTUVIERON CANSADOS
• He WAS puzzled: ÉL ESTUVO PERPLEJO
• It WAS embarrassed: YO ESTUVE AVERGONZADO
• I WAS jealous: YO ESTUVE CELOSO
• We WERE worried: NOSOTROS ESTUVIMOS PREOCUPADOS
• You WERE upset: USTEDES ESTUVIERON ALTERADOS

Expresando Existencia en Pasado

Traducción de enunciados sobre existencia en inglés:

• Había una naranja en el césped. THERE WAS AN ORANGE IN THE GRASS
• No había una naranja en el césped. THERE WASN’T AN ORANGE IN THE GRASS
• ¿Había una naranja en el césped? WAS THERE AN ORANGE IN THE GRASS?
• Había cuatro naranjas en el césped. THERE WERE FOUR ORANGES IN THE GRASS
• No había cuatro naranjas en el césped. THERE WEREN’T FOUR ORANGES IN THE GRASS
• ¿Había cuatro naranjas en el césped? WERE THERE FOUR ORANGES IN THE GRASS?

Uso de Verbos Regulares e Irregulares en Pasado

Ejemplos de verbos regulares e irregulares en pasado:

• She (travel) TRAVELED by train to London.
• She (cut) CUT the lettuce with a knife.
• The film (be) WAS boring.
• The president (speak) SPOKE very slowly during the conference.
• Sarah (sing) SANG perfectly in the concert.
• Peter (decide) DECIDED to paint the house blue.
• My mother (have) HAD her birthday party last night.
• The lawyer (try) TRIED to convince the jury.
• My dog (bite) BIT Ann in her leg.
• I (meet) MET John at the old restaurant last week.

Verbos de Habilidad y Obligación en Pasado

Ejemplos de verbos de habilidad y obligación en pasado:

• We HAD TO buy food for the party. (+)
• We COULDN’T buy food for the party. (-)
• She COULDN’T cook two cakes. (-)
• DID you HAVE TO read this book?
• COULD you read this book?
• I DIDN'T HAVE TO do my homework. (-)
• They HAD TO ask for a question. (+)
• I DIDN’T HAVE TO study for my exam. (-)
• DID the teacher HAVE TO explain the problem?
• COULD the teacher explain the problem?
• She COULD laugh. (+)
• Where DID they HAVE TO go?
• Where COULD they go?
• Why DID you HAVE TO visit your friend last Monday?
• COULD you visit your friend last Monday?

Uso de Have/Has + Participio Pasado

Ejemplos con have/has + participio pasado:

• How long HAVE you KNOWN John? HAVE you BEEN friends for a long time? (¿Hace cuánto conoces a John? ¿Han sido amigos por mucho tiempo?)
• He HAS never SEEN the movie Titanic. (Él nunca ha visto la película Titanic)
• HAVE you ever READ a book of Harry Potter? (¿Alguna vez has leído un libro de Harry Potter?)
• Anna HAS never EATEN raw meat. (Anna nunca ha comido carne cruda)
• Mr. Johnson never dresses casually; he has never WORN blue jeans in his life. (Mr. Johnson nunca viste casualmente; nunca ha usado pantalones azules en su vida)
• HAVE you ever SPOKEN to your teacher on the phone? (¿Alguna vez has hablado con tu maestro por teléfono?)

Uso de Preposiciones y Traducción al Español

Ejemplos con preposiciones y su traducción:

• I have been standing for 3 hours at the concert. (He estado de pie por 3 horas en el concierto)
• Henry has bought a present for Anna, but he hasn't given it to her. (Henry ha comprado un regalo para Anna, pero no se lo ha dado)
• We have been living in this house since we got married. (Hemos estado viviendo en esta casa desde que nos casamos)
• Joan has starred in four movies since she became an actress. (Joan ha protagonizado cuatro películas desde que se convirtió en actriz)
• The train has arrived at the station. (El tren ha llegado a la estación)
• I have done my homework. (He hecho mi tarea)
• I had this collection for six years. (Tuve esta colección por seis años)
• She has been to the dentist's. (Ella ha ido al dentista)
• I haven't met him. (No lo he conocido)
• She has eaten four chocolate bars yesterday. (Ella comió cuatro barras de chocolate ayer)