English Language Skills: Vocabulary, Conditionals, Wish Clauses & Relative Pronouns
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Unit 4: Environmental and Legal Vocabulary
- Approach: Acercarse
- Auction: Subasta
- Avoid: Evitar
- Reliable: Creíble
- Bid: Pujar
- Can't face: No poder enfrentarse a
- Charged with: Acusado de
- Clerk: Funcionario
- Convicted: Condenado
- Cool: Enfriar
- Cut down: Talar
- Demonstrate: Manifestarse
- Disapprove: Estar en contra
- Dispose of: Tirar
- Drilling: Perforación
- Dump: Verter
- Endangered: En peligro de extinción
- Face: Afrontar
- Freedom: Libertad
- Greenhouse effect: Efecto invernadero
- Guilty: Culpable
- Intercity: Interurbano
- Landfill: Vertedero
- Leak: Derramarse
- Litter: Basura
- Misbehave: Portarse mal
- Misunderstand: Malinterpretar
- Outspoken: Declarado
- Petrol-burning: De gasolina
- Pristine: Virgen
- Regret: Lamentarse
- Replace: Sustituir
- Smog: Niebla tóxica
- Source: Nacimiento
- Spoilt: Estropeado
- Supply: Suministrar
- Threaten: Amenazar
- Trial: Juicio
- Underestimated: Subestimado
- Undeveloped: Sin explotar
- Unexpected: Inesperado
- Unspoilt: En estado natural
- Waste: Residuos
- Water shortage: Falta de agua
- Wilderness: Terreno agreste
Unit 5: Work and Career Vocabulary
- Accomplished: Formado
- Bound to: Seguro que
- Bread and butter: Medio de vida
- Bring home the bacon: Llevar dinero a casa
- Call the shots: Mandar
- College: Universidad
- Confident: Seguro de
- Daintily: Con delicadeza
- Dedicated: Entregado
- Down payment: Entrada
- Enclose: Adjuntar
- Fire: Despedir
- Flourish: Prosperar
- Get the sack: Ser despedido
- Hold down a job: Conservar un empleo
- Knowledge: Conocimientos
- Make a living: Ganarse la vida
- Mature: Maduro
- Odd jobs: Trabajillos
- Overtime: Horas extra
- Get paid peanuts: Ganar una miseria
- Presume: Suponer
- Promote: Ascender
- Propose: Proponer
- Punctual: Puntual
- Pursuit: Búsqueda
- Raise: Criar
- Reliable: Formal
- Resign: Dimitir
- Rise: Aumento
- Run a business: Dirigir un negocio
- See the point: Encontrar el sentido
- Self-employed: Autónomo
- Shifts: Turnos
- Show the ropes: Enseñar cómo funciona el trabajo
- Steady job: Trabajo fijo
- Stuff: Cosas
- Substantial: Considerable
- Switch: Cambiar de
- Work way to the top: Llegar a lo alto
- Zip line: Tirolina
English Grammar Essentials
Conditional Sentences
- Type 1 (Possible situations): If + Present Simple / Will + infinitive
- Type 2 (Unlikely or hypothetical situations): If + Past Simple / Conditional (Would + infinitive)
- Type 3 (Past situations that did not occur): If + Past Perfect (Had + participle)
Wish Clauses
- To express a wish to change something in the past: I wish + Past Perfect (Had + participle)
- To express a wish to change something happening now: I wish + would + infinitive
- To express a wish to change something in the present or future: I wish + Past Simple
Relative Pronouns
- Which: (For animals or things)
- Who: (For people)
- When: (Refers to time, if the sentence contains "then")
- Whose: (For possession: Possessor + whose + possessed item / If the sentence contains "his", "her", "their")
- Where: (Refers to place, if the sentence contains "there")