Fundamentos Esenciales del Inglés: Dominio del Verbo To Be, Presente Simple y Vocabulario Clave
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EXERCISE: English Fundamentals Review
A. Complete with the correct form of the verb TO BE: am, is, are.
- He is Alex.
- I am from Xalapa in Veracruz.
- Diana is my sister.
- They are in the blue team.
- I am your teacher.
- We are students.
- Olivia and I are in the kitchen.
- You are my best friends.
- My dog is very small. It is a Chihuahua.
- Your brother is in my painting class. (Note: Original sentence structure was corrected for grammatical coherence.)
Grammar and Vocabulary Reference
Personal Pronouns (Pronombres personales)
- Yo = I
- Tú = You
- Él = He
- Ella = She
- Eso = It
- Nosotros = We
- Ustedes = You
- Ellos = They
The Verb TO BE
Affirmative Form (Afirmativo)
I am | You are | He is | She is | It is | We are | You are | They are
Negative Form (Negativo)
I am not | You are not | He is not | She is not | It is not | We are not | You are not | They are not
Interrogative Form (Interrogativo)
Am I? | Are you? | Is he? | Is she? | Is it? | Are we? | Are you? | Are they?
Possessive Adjectives (Adjetivos posesivos)
- My = mi
- Your (singular) = tú, su
- His = su (de él)
- Her = su (de ella)
- Its = su (de eso/neutro)
- Our = nuestro/a
- Your (plural) = su
- Their = su (de ellos/ellas)
Vocabulary: Family Members
- Great-grandmother = Bisabuela
- Great-grandfather = Bisabuelo
- Grandmother = Abuela
- Grandfather = Abuelo
- Mother = Madre
- Father = Padre
- Wife = Esposa
- Husband = Marido
- Aunt = Tía
- Uncle = Tío
- Niece = Sobrina
- Nephew = Sobrino
- Sister = Hermana
- Brother = Hermano
- Cousin = Primo/a
- Daughter = Hija
- Son = Hijo
- Granddaughter = Nieta
- Grandson = Nieto
- Godmother = Madrina
Numbers (Números)
Large Numbers
- 900,000 = Nine hundred thousand
- 1,000,000 = One million
- 5,000,000 = Five million
- 10,000,000 = Ten million
- 15,000,000 = Fifteen million (Correction: 'millions' changed to 'million')
- 20,000,000 = Twenty million (Correction: 'millions' changed to 'million')
- 25,000,000 = Twenty-five million
- 30,000,000 = Thirty million
Cardinal Numbers (1-100)
- 1 = One
- 2 = Two
- 3 = Three
- 4 = Four
- 5 = Five
- 6 = Six
- 7 = Seven
- 8 = Eight
- 9 = Nine
- 10 = Ten
- 11 = Eleven
- 12 = Twelve
- 13 = Thirteen
- 14 = Fourteen
- 15 = Fifteen
- 16 = Sixteen
- 17 = Seventeen
- 18 = Eighteen
- 19 = Nineteen
- 20 = Twenty
- 21 = Twenty-one
- 22 = Twenty-two
- 23 = Twenty-three
- 24 = Twenty-four
- 25 = Twenty-five
- 26 = Twenty-six
- 27 = Twenty-seven
- 28 = Twenty-eight
- 29 = Twenty-nine
- 30 = Thirty
- 40 = Forty
- 50 = Fifty
- 60 = Sixty
- 70 = Seventy
- 80 = Eighty
- 90 = Ninety
- 100 = One hundred
Hundreds and Thousands
- 200 = Two hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 300 = Three hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 400 = Four hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 500 = Five hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 600 = Six hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 700 = Seven hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 800 = Eight hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 900 = Nine hundred (Hyphen removed)
- 1,000 = One thousand (Hyphen removed)
- 3,000 = Three thousand
- 6,000 = Six thousand
- 9,000 = Nine thousand
- 10,000 = Ten thousand (Correction: 'Then' changed to 'Ten')
- 30,000 = Thirty thousand (Correction: 'Three thousand' changed to 'Thirty thousand')
- 60,000 = Sixty thousand
- 90,000 = Ninety thousand
- 100,000 = One hundred thousand (Correction: Number format fixed)
- 300,000 = Three hundred thousand
- 600,000 = Six hundred thousand
Simple Present Tense (Presente Simple)
1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)
Ejemplos:
- I talk. (Yo hablo.)
- He eats. (Él come.)
- They learn. (Ellos aprenden.)
2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
Ejemplos:
- I do not [don’t] talk. (Yo no hablo.)
- He does not [doesn’t] eat. (Él no come.)
- They do not [don’t] learn. (Ellos no aprenden.)
3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
Ejemplos:
- Do you talk? (¿Tú hablas?)
- Does he eat? (¿Él come?)
- Do they learn? (¿Ellos aprenden?)
Rules for Third Person Verbs (Reglas de los verbos para terceras personas)
- I play (yo juego) → He plays (él juega).
- You do (tú haces) → He does (él hace).
- I kiss (yo beso) → She kisses (ella besa).
- You push (tú empujas) → She pushes (ella empuja).
- I relax (yo me relajo) → He relaxes (él se relaja).
“Wh” Questions
- What: qué, cuál o cuáles
- Why: por qué
- When: cuándo
- Where: dónde
- Who: quién, quiénes
- Which: cuál, cuáles
- How: cómo
- Whose: de quién, de quiénes
Ejemplos:
Where is your office? (¿Dónde está tu oficina?) | How are you? (¿Cómo estás?) | When is your birthday? (¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños?) | Who is your friend? (¿Quién es tu amigo?)
Use of Auxiliaries DO - DOES (Uso de auxiliares DO - DOES)
Interrogative Sentences (Oraciones interrogativas)
- Do you play guitar? (¿Tocas guitarra?) (Correction: 'Dou' changed to 'Do')
- Do you dance salsa? (¿Tú bailas salsa?)
- Does he play the piano? (¿Él toca el piano?)
Negative Sentences (Oraciones negativas)
- She does not drink tea. (Ella no bebe té) (Correction: 'te' changed to 'tea'; Spanish translation corrected to Present Simple)
- I do not eat meat. (Yo no como carne.)
- He does not ride a bicycle. (Él no monta bicicleta.) (Correction: Added article 'a')
Questions in Simple Past Tense (Preguntas en tiempo pasado)
- Did you sleep yesterday? (¿Tú dormiste ayer?)
Simple Past of Do (Pasado simple de Do)
She did not drink tea. (Ella no bebió té) (Correction: 'te' changed to 'tea')