Gramática Inglesa: Present Perfect con Just, Have To, Be Going To, Will, First Conditional, Must y Verbos Irregulares
El Present Perfect con Just
Se usa para hablar de lo que acaba de suceder.
Afirmativa: SUJETO + have/has + just + PARTICIPIO.
Have to / Don't have to
Se usa para hablar de cosas que es necesario u obligatorio hacer.
- Afirmativa: SUJETO + have/has to + VERBO.
- Negativa: SUJETO + don't/doesn't have to + VERBO.
- Interrogativa: Do/does + SUJETO + have to + VERBO?
Be going to
Se usa para:
- Planes para el futuro que ya hemos decidido hacer.
- Predicciones para el futuro basadas en hechos.
Estructura: SUJETO + presente de to be + going to + VERBO principal.
Will / Won't
Se usa para hacer predicciones acerca del futuro.
- Afirmativa: SUJETO + will ('ll) + VERBO.
- Negativa: SUJETO + won't + VERBO.
- Interrogativa: Will + SUJETO + VERBO?
Oraciones Condicionales del Primer Tipo
Se usan para hablar de cosas que puede que ocurran en el futuro y sus probables consecuencias.
Estructura: If + presente simple, will/won't + infinitivo.
Ejemplo: If we don't play better, we won't win.
Must / Mustn't
Se usa para expresar obligación.
- Afirmativa: SUJETO + must + VERBO.
- Negativa: SUJETO + mustn't + VERBO.
Tabla de Verbos Irregulares
Infinitivo - Pasado - Participio - Traducción
cost - cost - cost - costar
cut - cut - cut - cortar
hurt - hurt - hurt - hacer daño
let - let - let - permitir
put - put - put - poner
shut - shut - shut - cerrar(se)
run - ran - run - correr
read - read - read - leer
feel - felt - felt - sentirse
keep - kept - kept - guardar
leave - left - left - dejar
sleep - slept - slept - dormir
come - came - come - venir
become - became - become - convertirse en
bring - brought - brought - traer
buy - bought - bought - comprar
catch - caught - caught - coger
fight - fought - fought - pelearse
teach - taught - taught - enseñar
think - thought - thought - pensar
find - found - found - encontrar
spend - spent - spent - gastar
learn - learnt - learnt - aprender
pay - paid - paid - pagar
say - said - said - decir
win - won - won - ganar
lose - lost - lost - perder
shine - shone - shone - brillar
sell - sold - sold - vender(se)
tell - told - told - contar
sit - sat - sat - sentar(se)
meet - met - met - encontrar(se)
get - got - got - conseguir
shoot - shot - shot - disparar
stand - stood - stood - estar de pie
understand - understood - understood - entender
make - made - made - hacer
have - had - had - haber, tener
do - did - done - hacer
hear - heard - heard - escuchar
beat - beat - beaten - golpear
go - went - gone - irse
begin - began - begun - empezar
drink - drank - drunk - beber
sing - sang - sung - cantar
swim - swam - swum - nadar
fly - flew - flown - volar
know - knew - known - conocer
throw - threw - thrown - lanzar
break - broke - broken - romper
choose - chose - chosen - elegir
speak - spoke - spoken - hablar
steal - stole - stolen - robar
shake - shook - shaken - agitar
wake - woke - woken - despertar(se)
take - took - taken - tomar(se)
wear - wore - worn - llevar (puesto)
drive - drove - driven - conducir
ride - rode - ridden - montar
rise - rose - risen - levantarse
write - wrote - written - escribir
eat - ate - eaten - comer
give - gave - given - dar
forget - forgot - forgotten - olvidar(se)
fall - fell - fallen - caer(se)