Gramática inglesa: tiempos verbales, estilo indirecto y condicionales con ejemplos
Gramática inglesa: tiempos verbales, estilo indirecto y condicionales
Change: Pronouns - Verbs tenses - Time and Place reference
Present simple - Past simple / Past simple - Past perfect / Present perfect - Past perfect
Present continuous - Past continuous / Present perfect continuous - Past perfect continuous / Future - Conditional
Today - That day / Yesterday - The day before / Tomorrow - The next day
Next year - The following year / A year ago - The previous year / This - That
Tonight - That night / Here - There / Now - Then
Reported speech of statements
Reporting verbs: said, explained, told
Reported speech of questions
Reporting verbs: asked, wanted to know
Form: Who/What/How... / If (do not use question order).
Ex: "Where did you go last night?" - He asked (me) where I had gone the night before.
Ex: "Will your sister come here?" - She asked (me) if my sister would come there.
Reported speech of orders
Reporting verbs: told, ordered
Verb tenses: imperative verb tense
Form: Infinitive: To + verb / Not + to + verb
Conditional sentences
1. Real and possible (si pinto...)
If + present simple, will / must / can / have / may + present simple (general truths).
2. Unreal and impossible (si pintes...)
If + past simple + would / might / could / should + verb.
3. Impossible, referring to the past (si hagués pintat...)
If + past perfect + would / might / could / should + have + past participle.
4. Wishes
I wish / If only + past simple (present situations) / past perfect (past situations) / would or could + verb (future situations and complaints about the present).
Phrasal verbs
Give away: delatar / give in: rendir-se / give up: abandonar / give sth away: regalar
Go to: ir / go -ing: hacer actividad / go away: marcharse / go across: cruzar un lugar / go on: continuar
Go along / ahead: avanzar, seguir directo / go after: perseguir / go back: volver / go in / out: entrar / salir
Go back and forth: ir de un lado a otro / go by: pasar (tiempo) / go for: ir con intención de / go off: sonar, estropearse
Go round: girar / go through: pasar por dificultades / go up / down: subir / bajar / go over / under: pasar por encima / por debajo
Go with: combinar (ropa) / grow apart: distanciarse / grow out of: quedarse pequeño / grow up: crecer
Hand in: entregar / hand out: repartir / hang on: esperar / hang out: pasar el rato / hang up: colgar (teléfono)
Hold on: esperar / hold up: atracar / join in: participar / let sb down: decepcionar a alguien
Live up to: estar a la altura de / make up: reconciliarse, inventar / move away: mudarse lejos de / move in: instalarse
Look: parecer / look at: mirar / look after: cuidar / look for: buscar / look up: buscar información / look into: investigar
Look forward to + -ing: tener ganas de / look like: parecerse a / look out: tener cuidado / look up to: admirar
Look down on: menospreciar / pay back: devolver dinero / pay for: pagar por / pay off: valer la pena / pick out: escoger / pick up: recoger
Push around: intimidar, acosar / put off: aplazar / put on: ponerse (prenda) / put up with: soportar
Vocabulary: crime and justice
Crimes
Shoplifting, disorderly conduct, petty theft (robar algo de poco valor), vandalism, underage drinking.
Punishments
Community service, pay a fine, curfew (toque de queda), attend counselling sessions.
People
Jury, offender, criminal, lawbreaker, defendant, guilty (culpable), innocent, witnesses, lawyer.
Police and court process
Court, trial (juicio), commit a crime, break the law, sentence, prosecution, judge, to sentence, get a criminal record (antecedentes penales), life prison.
Other crime vocabulary
Capital sentence / death penalty, prove, theft, murder, mugging (atraco callejero para robar el bolso), robbery, burglary (robo con allanamiento), kidnapping (secuestro), steal (something), rob (a person / a building).