Mastering English Modal Verbs and Essential Vocabulary for Effective Communication

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Escrito el 29 de Agosto de 2025 en español con un tamaño de 4,96 KB

Modal Verbs: Simple Forms

(Modal + Base Verb)

Can: Expresses ability, permission (giving and asking), requests, possibility, and suggestions.
Can't: Indicates prohibition, negative deductions, or knowing something is impossible.
Could: Denotes ability in the past, improbable possibility, polite requests, and indirect suggestions.
Be able to: Expresses ability and possibility.
Must (present simple): Signifies obligation (often due to law or authority).
Mustn't: Indicates prohibition.
Have to: Expresses obligation (often external, contrasting with 'must' which can be internal or strong external).
Need to: Expresses obligation or necessity.
Don't need to / Don't have to / Needn't: Indicates lack of obligation (not necessary).
Should / Ought to: Used for giving and asking for advice, and making recommendations.
May / Might: Expresses possibility (May often implies a slightly higher chance than Might).
May: Also used for formal requests, and asking for, giving, or denying permission.

(Modal + Have + Past Participle)

Could have (podía haber): Refers to an ability to do something in the past that was not exercised.
Couldn't have (no podía haber): Indicates knowing that something is impossible to have happened.
May have / Might have (podía haber): Used for supposing something that might have happened.
Must have (debe haber): Expresses a logical conclusion about something that happened in the past.
Should have / Ought to have (debería haber): Used for criticizing something that happened or complaining about something that should have happened but didn't.
Shouldn't have (no debería haber): Expresses an opinion that something should not have happened.
Would have (habría): Indicates intentions to do something that could not be carried out.

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