Tiempos verbales, estilo indirecto y vocabulario esencial en inglés

Tiempos verbales y estilo indirecto (Reported Speech)

Present simple: I am about 10 km from Australia. Past simple: He said that he was about 10 km from Australia.

Present continuous: The sun is shining. Past continuous: He said that the sun was shining.

Past simple: There was a terrible storm. Past perfect: He said that there had been a terrible storm.

Present perfect: I haven't seen another boat. Past perfect: He said that he hadn't seen another boat.

Past perfect: I hadn't expected the storm. Past perfect (reported): He said that he hadn't expected the storm.

Be going to: I am going to win. Was going to: He said he was going to win.

Will: I will spend two hours in a bath. Would (reported): He said that he would spend two hours in a bath.

Can: I can see sharks and dolphins. Could (reported): He said that he could see sharks and dolphins.

May: I may win. Might (reported): He said that he might win.

Might: I might win. Might (reported): He said that he might win.

Must: I must get my hair cut. Had to (reported): He said that he had to get his hair cut.

Phrasal verbs comunes

• Bring forward: adelantar (cita / viaje)
• Bring back: devolver
• Bring down: hacer bajar, reducir
• Bring on: causar, producir
• Bring in: ganar dinero; traer, introducir, invitar
• Bring up: sacar o plantear un tema
• Bring out: sacar al mercado
• Make for: ir a, dirigirse hacia
• Make off with: escaparse con (algo)
• Make up: reconciliarse, hacer las paces
• Make up for: compensar
• Put down: humillar, despreciar
• Put forward: proponer, presentar
• Put off: aplazar, posponer
• Put out: apagar (por ejemplo, un cigarrillo)
• Put through: someter a alguien, conectar por teléfono
• Put up with: aguantar, soportar

Vocabulario y traducciones

• ban: prohibir
• be about to: estar a punto de
• charm: encanto
• command: mandato; mando
• deserve: merecer
• devise: idear, inventar
• enable: permitir, posibilitar
• enthusiastic: entusiasmado
• expel: expulsar
• hop: salto; brincar
• insane: insano
• judge: juez; juzgar
• overcome: vencer, superar
• proficient: competente
• proposal: propuesta; oferta
• prosper: prosperar
• read aloud: leer en voz alta
• run counter to: ir en contra de
• self-consciousness: cohibición; timidez; autoconciencia
• start out: comenzar
• throughout: en todas partes; a lo largo de
• upcoming: próximo
• value: valor
• yell: gritar; grito
• nourishing: nutritivo
• assortment: surtido
• bottom line: lo esencial
• commit a crime: cometer un crimen
• crave: ansiar
• disruptive: perturbador; problemático
• drop: soltar; caer
• enroll: matricularse
• imbalance: desequilibrio
• inmate: interno (de una prisión)
• lack: falta
• level: nivel
• liable: responsable; obligado
• measure: medida
• almohada: almohada
• point out: indicar; señalar
• rage: rabia
• rate: tarifa; índice
• remarkable: notable
• ruin: ruina; arruinar
• severe: severo
• staff: personal
• sweat: sudor; sudar
• treat: trato; convidar

Notas finales

He corregido ortografía y gramática, ajustado mayúsculas y minúsculas, y estructurado el contenido para facilitar su lectura y su posicionamiento SEO. Se han mantenido todos los ejemplos, phrasal verbs y vocabulario original, ampliando o corrigiendo las traducciones para mayor claridad.