Vocabulario y gramática inglesa: voz activa y pasiva, estilo indirecto y verbos
Vocabulario
burglar - lladre / device - dispositiu / fleet - flota / file - arxiu / folder - carpeta / delete - esborrar / deny - negar / expose - exposar / google - buscar / launch - llançament / lean on - recolzar-se / crawl - arrossegar-se / crash - penjar-se / access - accedir / pole - pal, perxa / urge - impuls / prevent - evitar / remove - borrar / affluent - afluent / available - disponible / overjoyed - ple d'energia / portable - portable / pressing - urgent / exhibit - exposició / firm - empresa / flavour - gust / mood - ànim / odour - olor / pattern - disseny / purchase - compra / rhythm - ritme / scent - aroma / approach - dirigir-se / remain - quedar-se / stare - mirar fixament / trigger - provocació / stroke - colp / whisper - xiuxiuejar / accurate - precís / bitter - amarg / bright - viu (de color) / disgusting - desagradable / faint - feble / pleasant - agradable / pale - pàl·lid / rough - aspre / smooth - suau / tasty - gustós / tough - dur / weird - estrany / set off - provocar / set back - endarrerir / set up - crear / start over - tornar a començar
Voz activa a pasiva
- Present Simple: sells - are sold
- Present Continuous: is selling - are being sold
- Past Simple: sold - were sold
- Past Continuous: was selling - were being sold
- Present Perfect: has sold - have been sold
- Past Perfect: had sold - had been sold
- Will: will sell - will be sold
- Be going to: is going to sell - are going to be sold
- Have to: has to sell - have to be sold
- Modals: should sell - should be sold
- Modals perfect: could have sold - could have been sold
De Direct Speech a Reported Speech
- Present Simple: eat - ate
- Present Continuous: are eating - were eating
- Past Simple: ate - had eaten
- Present Perfect Simple: have eaten - had eaten
- Past Perfect: had eaten - had eaten
- Present Perfect Continuous: have been eating - had been eating
- Past Perfect Continuous: had been eating - had been eating
- Will: will eat - would eat
Cambios modales
Se pasan al pasado si procede.
Palabras y expresiones
- now - then, today - that day, tonight - that night, yesterday - the day before, last week - the week before, a month ago - the month before, tomorrow - the next day, next week - the week after, here - there, this - that, these - those
Pronombres
Objeto: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
Posesivos: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
Reported statements
Suprimir comillas, cambiar pronombre y persona del verbo. Verbos: tell (to), say (that).
Reported questions
- 1. Yes/No: ask + if, y el resto igual.
- 2. Wh-: wh + subject + verb, sin signos de interrogación.
Reported orders
Imperativo cambia a infinitivo. Verbos de mandato como tell u order + infinitivo.
Reported suggestions
Sujeto y suggest o recommend en pasado.
- 1: that + sujeto + verbo
- 2: gerundio sin especificar sujeto
Tiempos verbales
- Present Simple: jo parlo
- Present Continuous: jo estic parlant
- Past Simple: jo vaig parlar / parlava
- Past Continuous: estava parlant
- Present Perfect: he parlat
- Past Perfect: havia parlat
- Future Continuous: período de tiempo concreto (planificado), will be + V-ing
- Future Perfect: acabarán en un momento específico, will + present perfect
- When (tiempo), where (lugar)
Verbos seguidos de gerundio
admit, avoid, can't stand, consider, don't mind, enjoy, finish, give up, hate, imagine, like, love, mention, miss, practice, resist, risk, start, stop, suggest, try
Verbos seguidos de infinitivo
afford, agree, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, choose, dare, decide, expect, hope, intend, learn, like, manage, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, want