Vocabulario Médico en Inglés: Órganos, Profesionales, Áreas y Equipamiento Hospitalario

Órganos del cuerpo humano

Stomach: digests or breaks down food into smaller pieces and holds food for about 2 hours.

Lungs: take carbon dioxide out of the blood and put oxygen into the blood.

Small intestine: 20 feet long and digests food as it pushes the food to the large intestine.

Skeleton: the frame of bones supporting a human or animal body.

Large intestine: is 5 feet long and pushes solid waste out of the body.

Muscles: one of many tissues in the body that can tighten and relax to produce movement.

Brain: sends messages to the body and helps our vital organs do their job (heart, lungs, etc.).

Spleen: destroys worn-out red blood cells and stores red blood cells.

Kidneys: clean the blood and send liquid waste to the bladder.

Bladder: storehouse for liquid waste.

Heart: pumps blood throughout the body.

Pancreas: makes pancreatic juice and insulin to regulate blood sugar.

Gall bladder: stores a greenish-yellow liquid called bile and is shaped like a pear.

Liver: the largest single organ; cleans out poisons in the blood and takes vitamins out of the blood.

Skin: protects the body from getting hurt and covers the whole body.

Eyes: help us see and use tears to clean.

Nose: helps us smell and uses small hairs/mucus to clean and warm the air.

Ears: help us hear.

Tongue: helps us taste bitter, sweet, sour, and salty.

Términos hospitalarios

To be admitted: to be formally permitted to stay in the hospital.

To be discharged: to be formally allowed to go home from the hospital.

To do the rounds: to visit patients individually, one by one.

To give an injection: to use a syringe and needle to introduce medication into the body.

To have an operation: to undergo a minor or major surgical intervention.

To take a pulse: to measure heartbeats.

To take blood pressure: to measure the systolic and diastolic pressure of the blood circulating in the body.

To take a pill / tablet / painkiller: to administer different types of medication.

Profesionales de la salud

• Radiographer: takes X-rays.
• Surgeon: operates on patients.
• Laboratory technician: tests specimens of urine, blood, and sputum.
• Physiotherapist: exercises injured limbs (arms and legs).
• Anesthetist: puts patients to sleep before an operation.
• Nurse: looks after the daily needs of patients in the hospital.
• Occupational therapist: teaches patients to live as normally as possible with a disability.
• Dietician: decides what food a patient can eat.
• Doctor: diagnoses a patient's problems and prescribes treatment.
• Dentist: cares for teeth, gums, and oral diseases.
• Speech therapist: assists people of all ages who have problems communicating.
• Podiatrist: looks after injured or diseased feet.
• Pharmacist: prepares and dispenses medications.
• Health inspector: works in the hospital, in the community, and outdoors in all areas regarding health, safety, and sanitation.
• Technical assistant: assists staff to regulate or repair machinery.

Áreas del hospital

• Ward: a block forming a division of a hospital (or a suite of rooms) shared by patients who need a similar kind of care.
• Pediatrics: area of the hospital created for the development and care of infants and children and the treatment of their diseases.
• Laboratory: a place where scientific experiments are carried out or where drugs are prepared.
• Neurology: where health professionals deal with the nervous system and the disorders affecting it.
• Pharmacy: the place where drugs are prepared, dispensed, or sold.
• Urology: area concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the urinary tract, with the care of the urinary tract of men and women, and with the care of the male genital tract.
• Radiology: where professionals make diagnostic images of anatomical structures through the use of electromagnetic radiation or sound waves, and treat disease through the use of radioactive compounds.
• Admitting: a popular term for the hospitalization process, which begins in outpatient registration and consists of taking demographics and insurance information and assigning a room.
• Surgery: an operating room or a surgeon's laboratory within a hospital's surgical staff.
• Waiting room: a room with seating where people can wait.
• Emergency room: the section of a healthcare facility intended to provide rapid treatment for victims of sudden illness or trauma.
• Cardiology: the part of the hospital that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of heart disorders.
• Physical therapy: the treatment of physical dysfunction or injury through therapeutic exercise and the application of modalities intended to restore or facilitate normal function or development.
• Ophthalmology: the part of the hospital dealing with the eye, including its anatomy, physiology, and pathology.
• Cafeteria: an area in which customers are served at a counter and carry their meals on trays to tables.
• Maternity: place where patients are treated during pregnancy, childbirth, or the first months of motherhood.

Mobiliario y equipamiento hospitalario

• Bedspread: covers the bed to keep off the dust.
• Pillow: to rest the head on.
• Bedpan: a patient confined to bed uses this to urinate and defecate.
• Call button: patients use this when they need to call a nurse.
• Name band: for identification, worn by patients around the wrist.
• Trolley: a narrow bed for transporting patients.
• Basin: where you wash your hands.
• Curtain: drawn around a patient's bed to provide some privacy.
• Hoist: a mechanical device for lifting and moving patients.
• Sheet: two of these on the bed are straightened regularly and washed every few days.
• Tray: meals are brought to the bed on this.
• Blanket: keeps the patient warm.
• Urine bottle: male patients confined to bed use this to urinate.
• Monkey pole: suspended above the bed, it can be used by the patient to pull themselves up.
• Mattress: patients lie on this; it is sometimes hard and sometimes soft.
• Drip stand: intravenous fluid bags are suspended on this.
• Wheelchair: patients who can sit up comfortably can be transported in one of these.
• Crutch: a patient with a broken leg will need two of these to get around.
• Vase: for flowers.
• Oxygen point: a mask and tube from this supply oxygen to the patient.
• Observations chart: where the patient's condition is recorded.