Voz Pasiva en Inglés: Estructura, Tiempos Verbales y Oraciones Condicionales
Grammar: The Passive Voice
La voz pasiva se utiliza cuando el foco de la oración está en la acción o en quien la recibe, y no en quien la realiza.
Voz activa y pasiva en distintos tiempos
Simple Present
- Active voice: Ana sells flowers in the market.
- Passive voice: Flowers are sold in the market by Ana.
Simple Past
- Active voice: The Romans built that bridge.
- Passive voice: That bridge was built by the Romans.
Future
- Active voice: The teacher will write a guide for students.
- Passive voice: A guide for students will be written by the teacher.
Grammar: Passive Extension
Present Continuous
- Active: They are building a new bridge.
- Passive: A new bridge is being built.
Past Continuous
- Active: He was painting the living room.
- Passive: The living room was being painted.
Present Perfect
- Active: We have finished the project.
- Passive: The project has been finished.
Past Perfect
- Active: They had forgotten the books.
- Passive: The books had been forgotten.
Modal Verbs
Can
- Active: He can speak German.
- Passive: German can be spoken.
Must
- Active: I must repeat the exercise.
- Passive: The exercise must be repeated.
Passive with Two Objects
My brother gave me 10 euros.
- a) Indirect object as subject: I was given 10€ by my brother.
- b) Direct object as subject: 10€ were given to me by my brother.
Conditional Sentences (Oraciones Condicionales)
Zero Conditional
If you heat ice, it melts. / If you don't take the bus, I am late for school.
First Conditional
If he studies hard, he will pass the exams. / Unless he studies hard, he won't pass the exams.
Second Conditional
If we won the lottery, we would travel around the world.
Third Conditional
If they had bought enough food, they wouldn't have been hungry.
Present Perfect Simple y Past Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Simple
- Afirmativa: We have painted our bedroom.
- Negativa: Bill hasn't been to Paris.
- Interrogativa: Have you won any medals?
Past Perfect Simple
- Afirmativa: The experts had solved the mystery of the ship.
- Negativa: We hadn't heard any strange noises in the house.
- Interrogativa: Had they come up with something similar before?
Used to
- Afirmativa: We used to go to the swimming pool every day.
- Negativa: He didn't use to buy vegetables at the supermarket.
- Interrogativa: Did you use to play tennis on Sundays?
Futuro
Futuro con be going to
- Afirmativa: Paul is going to wait at the bus stop.
- Negativa: They aren't going to go to the art gallery.
- Interrogativa: Is she going to meet us at the concert hall?
Futuro con will
- Afirmativa: I will work in an office.
- Negativa: You won't need your car.
- Interrogativa: Will she come with us?
Future Continuous
- Afirmativa: She will be working at home on Friday.
- Negativa: Paul won't be playing in tomorrow's game.
- Interrogativa: Will they be giving a concert in Paris next month?