Domina els Condicionals en Anglès: Guia Completa

First Conditional

Conditional clause

• If + I/He/She/It + Present Simple
• If + You/We/They + Present Simple

Main clause

• I/He/She/It + Future Simple / Modal / Imperative
• You/We/They + Future Simple / Modal / Imperative

Exemples:

• If John gets good marks in maths, he will study engineering at university.
• We might go for a walk later if the weather improves.
• If you travel to England this year, will you come and visit me?
• If you go to South-East Asia, take malaria tablets.

*El primer condicional indica situacions de present o futur possibles o probables. Es fa servir sempre el present simple per indicar la condició.

Second Conditional

Conditional clause

• If + I/He/She/It + Past Simple
• If + You/We/They + Past Simple

Main clause

• I/He/She/It + Would/Could/Might + Infinitive without to
• You/We/They + Would/Could/Might + Infinitive without to

Exemples:

• If you won the lottery, would you give money to charity?
• Josh’s spoken Spanish might improve if he went to live in Spain.
• If I had another 50$, I could buy a new dress for the party.

Third Conditional

El tercer condicional s’usa per expressar situacions hipotètiques en el passat. El temps per a la condició és passat; per tant, el resultat és impossible. Per indicar la condició s’utilitza sempre el past perfect.

Conditional clause

• If + I/He/She/It + Past Perfect Simple
• If + You/We/They + Past Perfect Simple

Main clause

• I/He/She/It + Would have / Could have / Might have + Past Participle
• You/We/They + Would have / Could have / Might have + Past Participle

Exemples:

• If you had read the questions more carefully, could you have been able to answer them?
• If they hadn’t conceded a penalty in the last minute, they might have won the match.
• She wouldn’t have eaten so much if she hadn’t been hungry.

Alternatives a "If"

• As long as: Aquesta expressió vol dir "però només si" i se sol utilitzar només en el primer condicional.
• Unless: Aquesta expressió significa "si...no".

Desitjos i Penediment

• Per parlar de desitjos en situacions presents que hauríem volgut que fossin diferents es fa servir l’estructura següent:

  Wish / If Only + Subject + Past Simple / Continuous

  Exemples:

  • I wish the Arctic Monkeys were touring again this year.
  • If only David didn’t live next door.
• Per expressar penediment sobre situacions passades que hauríem volgut que fossin diferents es fa servir l'estructura següent:

  Wish / If Only + Subject + Past Perfect

  Exemples:

  • I wish I had followed my friend’s advice and not gone out with Paul.
  • If only I had visited Hawaii when I had the chance.
• Per expressar el desig que la situació present canviï en el futur o per queixar-nos del comportament actual d’algú es fa servir l’estructura següent:

  Wish / If Only + Subject + Would + Infinitive without to

  Exemples:

  • I wish my boyfriend would stop smoking.
  • If only you would shut up!