English Grammar and Vocabulary: Passive Voice, Verb Tenses and Key Expressions

Passive Voice and Verb Tenses

Passive Voice:

• Present Simple: signs / are signed
• Present Continuous: is singing / are being signed
• Past Simple: signed / were signed
• Past Continuous: was signing / were being signed
• Present Perfect: has signed / have been signed
• Past Perfect: had signed / had been signed
• Future: will sign / will be signed
• Modals: should sign / should be signed
• Have to: has to sign / have to be signed
• Be going to: is going to sign / are going to be signed

Causative verbs: I had my guitar repaired. / I got my hair cut yesterday.

Verb Tenses: Uses and Time Expressions

• Past Simple: Action completed in the past.
  Expressions: yesterday, last week, in 2007, ...
• Past Continuous: Incomplete action in the past; an incomplete action interrupted by another action.
  Expressions: last night, last week, last year, at 4 o'clock, while, as, was.
• Past Perfect Simple: The past of the past.
  Expressions: already, by the time, after, before, until, never, just.
• Present Perfect Simple: Does not specify when; an action that happened in the past but still continues.
  Expressions: since, for, already, yet, ever, never, just.
• Future Perfect Simple: An action that will have finished at a specific moment in the future.
  Expressions: by this time next week, by then, in four months, ...
• Past Perfect Continuous: Used when talking about a prolonged action in the past.
  Expressions: for hours, since last April, all morning, when, until, before.

Vocabulary

• Appeal to: agradar
• Atmosphere: ambient
• Award: premi
• Be around: estar present
• Bizarre: estrany
• Boo: esbroncar
• Book a ticket: reservar una entrada
• Branch: sucursal
• Break up: trencar
• Call off: suspendre
• Cheer: aclamar
• Come down on: ser dur amb
• Costume: vestit
• Currently: actualment
• Dazzling: enlluernador
• Disapprove of: no tenir bon concepte de
• Display: exposar
• Disturbing: preocupant
• Encourage: animar
• Fad: moda
• Fit in: adaptar-se
• For years to come: durant molts anys
• Front-row seat: seient a primera fila
• Go wild: embogir
• Hairdo: pentinat
• Huge hit: gran èxit
• In the spotlight: el centre d'atenció
• Interval: descans
• Keep at: insistir en
• Lighting: il·luminació
• Live up to: complir
• Look up to: admirar
• Lucky break: cop de sort
• Make a comeback: tornar als escenaris
• Make it: arribar lluny
• Media exposure: publicitat mediàtica
• Onstage: a l'escenari
• Outrageous: extravagant
• Overnight: de la nit al dia
• Packed: plena de gom a gom
• Performance: funció
• Prestigious: prestigiós
• Put on: muntar
• Rehearse: assajar
• Review: crítica
• Role model: model de conducta
• Sell out: vendre totes les entrades
• Set: escenari
• Show off: presumir
• Sixth-form student: alumne de BATX
• Stand for: significar
• Stand out: destacar
• Stand up for: defensar
• Take off: començar a tenir èxit
• Trendsetter: persona que marca tendència
• Unique: excepcional
• Unknown: desconegut
• Venue: lloc de celebració
• Waitress: fer de cambrera
• Wealthy: ric
• Weird: estrany
• Worship: adorar