Estilo indirecto en inglés: reglas, verbos reportados y expresiones idiomáticas
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Patrones verbales y expresiones idiomáticas
Verbos seguidos de infinitivo o gerundio
agree, offer, promise + verb + to + infinitive
advise, ask, invite, order, tell, warn + verb + object + to
apologize (for), insist (on) + verb + preposition + -ing
add, admit, suggest, say, insist + verb + that
convince, remind, warn + verb + object + that
Expresiones idiomáticas
- ahead of the game → anar un pas per davant
- fall by the wayside → quedar pel camí
- give rise to → donar lloc a
- jump on the bandwagon → pujar al carro (seguir la moda)
- take centre stage → ocupar el centre de l'atenció
- the driving force → la força motriu
- come across as friendly/sincere → semblar simpàtic
- hit it off with somebody → congeniar amb algú
- pay somebody a compliment → fer un compliment a algú
- put somebody at ease → fer sentir algú còmode
Estilo directo e indirecto
Cambios de tiempo verbal
| Direct speech | Reported speech |
|---|---|
| He said "I watch TV" | He said he watched TV |
| He said "I'm watching TV" | He said he was watching TV |
| He said "I have watched TV" | He said he had watched TV |
| He said "I watched TV" | He said he had watched TV |
| He said "I was watching TV" | He said he had been watching TV |
| He said "I had watched TV" | He said he had watched TV |
| He said "I will" | He said he would |
| He said "I can" | He said he could |
| He said "I must watch TV" | He said he had to watch TV |
Verbos reportados
- Agree, offer, promise: she offered to pay for the tickets
- Advise, ask, invite, order, tell, warn: He told her to sit down
- Apologize (for), insist (on): She apologized for being late
- Add, admit, suggest, explain, insist, say, recommend: he declared that he loved her
- Convince, remind, warn: She told us that she had done it
Cambios de expresiones de tiempo y lugar
- today → that day
- tonight → that night
- tomorrow → the next / following day
- next (week, month...) → the next / following
- ago → before
- yesterday → the day before
- last → the last / previous
- now → then
- here → there
- this → that
Vocabulario
- attach – adjuntar
- deliver – entregar
- evolve – evolucionar
- experience – experimentar
- interact – interactuar
- message – mensaje
- notify – notificar
- separate – separar
- spread – difundir
- translate – traducir
- update – actualizar
- warn – advertir
- ahead of the game – ir por delante
- give rise to – provocar
- fall by the wayside – quedarse atrás
- jump on the bandwagon – sumarse a una moda
- take centre stage – convertirse en el centro de atención
- the driving force – fuerza impulsadora