Gramática en Inglés: Tiempos Verbales, Condicionales y Reported Speech

Tiempos Verbales en Inglés

Present Simple

Ejemplos:

• They play tennis every day.
• We don't enjoy classical music.
• Does he often chat on the internet?

Time expressions: every day, at the weekend, once a week, on Sundays.

Adverbs of frequency: always, often, sometimes, never, usually.

Present Continuous

Ejemplos:

• They are listening to music now.
• I'm not studying at the moment.
• Are they chatting on the internet now?

Time expressions: now, right now, at the moment.

Used to

Ejemplos:

• I used to live in London.
• She didn't use to be thin.

Past Simple

Ejemplos:

• He performed in the concert.
• The fans went to the show last night.
• Did you perform in the concert?

Past Continuous

Ejemplos:

• He was standing near the building.
• Were you standing near the building?

Time expressions (Past Simple & Past Continuous): yesterday, last week, last month, last year, a week ago, a year ago, at two o'clock.

Present Perfect Simple

Ejemplos:

• I have worked.
• Have I worked?

Time expressions: ever, just, already, never, yet, for, since.

Irregular verbs example: ride – rode – ridden.

Future: Will vs. Be Going To

Will

Ejemplos:

• I will try later.
• You won't like it.
• Will they go next week?

Be going to

Ejemplos:

• I am going to play tennis tomorrow.
• She isn't going to sing soon.
• Are we going to help him?

Time expressions (Future): tomorrow, soon, in a week, in a month, later, one day, next week, next year.

Condicionales

First Conditional

• If you take a photograph, you will see the mirage.
• What will they do if they forget the camera?

Second Conditional

• If you saw the mirage, you would understand.
• If you wanted a camera, where would you buy one?

Comparación de Adjetivos

Comparative

• Hip hop is newer than classical music.
• Hip hop is more upbeat than classical music.

Superlative

• The Messengers is the scariest film I've ever seen.
• That was the most shocking scene in the film.

As... as / Not as... as

• Sprite is as cheap as Coke.
• Sprite is not as popular as Coke.

Too... / Enough / Not... enough

• The advert was too offensive for some people.
• We were clever enough to ignore the advert.

Direct Speech y Reported Speech

Ejemplos de Transformación

• Present Simple: "I enjoy festivals," he said. → He said that he enjoyed festivals.
• Present Continuous: "I'm learning Strine," she said. → She said that she was learning Strine.
• Modals: "I can't visit Australia," she said. / "I must leave," he said.

Cambios en Verbos Modales

• will → would
• can → could
• may → might
• must → had to

Cambios en Expresiones Temporales y Espaciales

• this → that
• these → those
• here → there
• now → then
• today → that day
• tomorrow → the next day
• yesterday → the day before
• next week → the following week
• last week → the previous week