Gramática inglesa esencial: tiempos verbales y condicionales con ejemplos

Present simple

(Usa adverbios de frecuencia)

• Afirmative: I play the guitar.
• Negative: She doesn't play the guitar.
• Interrogative: Do they play the guitar?

Present continuous

(Para hablar de acciones que están ocurriendo)

• Afirmative: I am eating.
• Negative: He isn't eating.
• Interrogative: Are they eating?

Vocabulario

castle: castillo · monument: monumento · market: mercado · beach: playa · youth hostel: albergue juvenil · campsite: campamento · port: puerto · church: iglesia · national park: parque nacional · visitors' centre: centro de visitas · resort: complejo turístico

Past simple

(Para acciones del pasado, con verbos en pasado)

• Afirmative: She stayed at the hotel. / I went shopping.
• Negative: We didn't stay at the hotel.
• Interrogative: Did they stay at the hotel? – Yes, they did. / No, I didn't.

Time expressions: yesterday, last week, a year ago...

TIPEX

Vocabulary

• suitcase: maleta
• camera: cámara
• boarding card: tarjeta de embarque
• passport: pasaporte
• backpack: mochila
• credit card: tarjeta de crédito
• money belt: monedero
• mobile phone: teléfono móvil
• diary: diario

Past continuous

• Afirmative: I was wearing a hat.
• Negative: She wasn't wearing a hat.
• Interrogative: Were you wearing a hat?

Past continuous / Past simple

• He arrived while I was working.
• I was working when he arrived.

Present perfect simple

• Afirmative: I have read the book.
• Negative: She hasn't read the book.
• Interrogative: Have they read the book?

Present perfect simple / Past simple

• I have seen the film several times.
• I saw the film last week.

Present simple passive

• Affirmative: It is written in English.
• Negative: They aren't written in English.
• Interrogative: Is it written in English?

Past simple passive

• Affirmative: It was written in English.
• Negative: They weren't written in English.
• Interrogative: Was it written in English?

Future sentences

Will

They say it will rain tonight.

Be going to

We are going to learn about the...

Present continuous (futuro)

I am visiting a recycling centre tomorrow.

Time expressions

Tomorrow, next week, later, soon...

First conditional

Para hablar de futuras posibilidades:

• We will watch the film later if we have time.
• Hurry! If we are late, the teacher will be angry.

Second conditional

• We would watch the film if we had a DVD.