Gramática Inglesa Esencial: Tiempos Verbales, Verbos Irregulares, Condicionales y Estilo Indirecto

Tiempos verbales en inglés

Present simple: am/are/is + participio

Present continuous: am/are/is + participio

Past simple: was/were + participio

Past continuous: was/were being + participio

Futuro (will): will be + participio

Futuro (going to): am/is/are going to be + participio

Present perfect: have/has been + participio

Ejemplo de redacción

My favorite summer camp was in Hawaii, with girls, surf, and fun activities. At the camp, the teachers made us stay awake at night to go to a party. This way, we could know more about Hawaii and be more entertained than the tourist guides.

Verbos irregulares

Lista de verbos irregulares

beat / beat / beaten (golpear)
bet / bet / bet (apostar)
bite / bit / bitten (morder)
bleed / bled / bled (sangrar)
choose / chose / chosen (elegir)
dig / dug / dug (cavar)
drive / drove / driven (conducir)
fall / fell / fallen (caerse)
feed / fed / fed (alimentar)
feel / felt / felt (sentirse)
freeze / froze / frozen (congelarse)
hide / hid / hidden (esconderse)
hit / hit / hit (golpear)
hold / held / held (sujetar)
keep / kept / kept (guardar)
lay / laid / laid (poner)
leave / left / left (dejar)
let / let / let (permitir)
lie / lay / lain (tumbarse)
make / made / made (hacer)
rise / rose / risen (elevarse)
say / said / said (decir)
set / set / set (colocar)
shake / shook / shaken (agitar)
shoot / shot / shot (disparar)
sink / sank / sunk (hundirse)
stick / stuck / stuck (pegar)
sweep / swept / swept (barrer)
throw / threw / thrown (tirar)
understand / understood / understood (entender)
wake up / woke up / woken up (despertarse)
wear / wore / worn (llevar puesto)

Oraciones condicionales

Primer condicional

If + present simple y en el resultado el verbo en futuro con will + la forma base del verbo.

Segundo condicional

If + past simple y en el resultado would + la forma base del verbo.

Unless = if not

Estilo indirecto

Present simple → past simple
Present continuous → past continuous
Futuro → condicional
Can → could
Must → had to + forma base del verbo

Cambios en los pronombres y expresiones de tiempo

This / these → that / those
Now → then
Today → that day
Tomorrow → the following day
Next year → the next year
Yesterday → the previous day
Here → there

Oraciones de relativo

Who / that: antecedente de una o varias personas
Which / that: antecedente de cosas o animales
Where: antecedente de lugar