Gramática y Vocabulario en Inglés: Voz Pasiva, Condicionales y Términos Clave

1. Passive Voice (Voz Pasiva)

Active to Passive / Passive to Active

• Active: This boy is playing basketball.
  Passive: Basketball is being played by this boy.
• Active: This boy has played basketball.
  Passive: Basketball has been played by the boy.
• Active: They discovered a new vaccine last year.
  Passive: A new vaccine was discovered last year.
• Active: They clean the hotel rooms every day.
  Passive: The hotel rooms are cleaned every day by them.

Estructuras verbales clave:

• Future Simple: will → will be + -ed / past participle
• Present Perfect: has / have → has / have been + -ed / past participle

2. Conditionals (Oraciones Condicionales)

Nota: Unless replaces "if... not" (a menos que / a no ser que).

• 1st Conditional: If + Present Simple, Future (will + verb)
• 2nd Conditional: If + Past Simple, would + infinitive
• 3rd Conditional: If + Past Perfect (had + past participle / -ed), would have + past participle

Transformación Positivo-Negativo / Negativo-Positivo:

Situación real: I went to bed early yesterday because I felt exhausted.
Tercer condicional: If I hadn't felt exhausted, I wouldn't have gone to bed early.

3. Vocabulary (Vocabulario Inglés - Español)

• Raise funds: recaudar fondos
• Raise awareness: concienciar / sensibilizar
• Label: etiqueta
• Crops: cultivos / cosechas
• Aimlessly: sin rumbo
• Benignly: bondadosamente
• Media coverage: cobertura mediática
• Turning point: punto de inflexión
• Encourage: animar / fomentar

Sección de Práctica Adicional (Repaso 1)

Passive Voice

• Active: This boy is playing basketball.
  Passive: Basketball is being played by this boy.
• Active: This boy has played basketball.
  Passive: Basketball has been played by the boy.
• Active: They discovered a new vaccine last year.
  Passive: A new vaccine was discovered last year.
• Active: They clean the hotel rooms every day.
  Passive: The hotel rooms are cleaned every day by them.
• Reglas: Will → will be + -ed | Has → has been + -ed

Conditionals

Unless replaces "if":

• 1st: If + Present Simple / Future (will)
• 2nd: If + Past Simple / would + infinitive
• 3rd: If + Past Perfect (had + past participle) / would have + participle
• Positivo-Negativo / Negativo-Positivo: I went to bed early yesterday because I felt exhausted → If I hadn't felt exhausted, I wouldn't have gone to bed early.

Vocabulary

• Raise funds: recaudar fondos
• Raise awareness: concienciar
• Label: etiqueta
• Crops: cultivo
• Aimlessly: sin rumbo
• Benignly: bondadosamente
• Media coverage: cobertura mediática
• Turning point: punto de inflexión
• Encourage: animar

Sección de Práctica Adicional (Repaso 2)

Passive Voice

• Active: This boy is playing basketball.
  Passive: Basketball is being played by this boy.
• Active: This boy has played basketball.
  Passive: Basketball has been played by the boy.
• Active: They discovered a new vaccine last year.
  Passive: A new vaccine was discovered last year.
• Active: They clean the hotel rooms every day.
  Passive: The hotel rooms are cleaned every day by them.
• Reglas: Will → will be + -ed | Has → has been + -ed

Conditionals

Unless replaces "if":

• 1st: If + Present Simple / Future (will)
• 2nd: If + Past Simple / would + infinitive
• 3rd: If + Past Perfect (had + past participle) / would have + participle
• Positivo-Negativo / Negativo-Positivo: I went to bed early yesterday because I felt exhausted → If I hadn't felt exhausted, I wouldn't have gone to bed early.

Vocabulary

• Raise funds: recaudar fondos
• Raise awareness: concienciar
• Label: etiqueta
• Crops: cultivo
• Aimlessly: sin rumbo
• Benignly: bondadosamente
• Media coverage: cobertura mediática
• Turning point: punto de inflexión
• Encourage: animar