Inglés B1: Preposiciones, Tiempos Verbales, Condicionales y Voz Pasiva con Traducción al Catalán

Preposiciones y expresiones verbales con traducción al catalán

• laugh at = riure's de
• think about = pensar en
• apply for = sol·licitar
• participate in = participar amb
• approve of = aprovar
• depend on = dependre de
• agree with = estar d'acord amb
• worried about = preocupar-se
• believe in = creure en
• shout at = fer crits
• relied on = confiar en
• dreamt about = somiar en

Vocabulario

• worms = cucs
• shows = tenir la culpa
• bald = calb
• blond = ros
• clear-shaven = ben afaitat
• freckled = pigat
• overweight = excés de pes
• shoulder-length = fins a les espatlles
• spotty = taca
• straight = recte
• scruffy = deixat
• stubbly = curiós
• well-built = ben construït
• wrinkled = arrugat
• caring = cura
• rude = grollér
• selfish = egoista
• urban myths = mites urbans
• hook = ganxo
• alligators = cocodrils
• feature = risc / característica
• made-up tales = històries inventades
• overreacted = sobrereaccionar
• way in which urban myths can mislead = perjudicar-lo en mal comú
• shocking = impactant
• subtle = delicat
• beware = anar amb compte
• viciously = viciosament
• daring = atrevit
• strive = esforçar-se
• crucial = crucial
• upset = alterar
• surgery = cirurgia
• solved = resolt
• criticizing = criticar
• big-headed = cap gros
• complains = queixar-se
• thin = prim
• stand out = destacar
• crowd = multitud
• jokes = acudits
• leads = càrregues
• mature = madur
• thick-skinned = insensible
• care = tenir cura
• to fit in = per encaixar en
• dare = atrevir-se
• believe = creure
• hoax = engany
• nonsense = beneses

Tiempos verbales

• Present Simple: I play
• Past Simple: I played
• Present Continuous: I'm playing
• Past Continuous: I was playing
• Present Perfect: I have played. Accions del passat amb repercussió, per exemple: «he comprat un cotxe».
• Past Perfect: I had played. S'utilitza per a accions que han passat abans d'una altra acció en el passat.
• Present Perfect Continuous: I have been playing. Acció que no s'indica si ha acabat, per exemple: «I have been reading the book».
• Past Perfect Continuous: I had been playing. Es forma amb el verb «estar» i el gerundi. En general, s'usa per a accions en procés de realització en el passat abans d'una altra acció en el passat.
  Subjecte + had + not + been + gerundi.
• Future: I will play / I'm going to play

Estilo indirecto (Reported Speech)

• Present simple → Past simple
• Present continuous → Past continuous
• Past simple → Past perfect simple
• Past continuous → Past perfect continuous
• Present perfect → Past perfect
• Past perfect (simple i contínua) → Past perfect
• Future will → Conditional would
• can → could
• must → had to
• may → might
• shall → should

Gerundios e infinitivos

• REMEMBER
  • + infinitiu: recordar fer alguna cosa, complir un deure
  • + gerundi: recordar-se de alguna cosa
• FORGET
  • + infinitiu: oblidar complir un deure
  • + gerundi: oblidar alguna cosa de la vida
• ALLOW: object + to + infinitiu / no object + gerundi

Condicionales

• 100% segur (coses científiques): If + Present Simple, Present Simple / Past Simple
• 90% segur: If + Present Simple, Future
• Modal verbs / Imperatiu
• 50%: If + Past Simple, would / could + infinitiu (agradaria / podria)
• 0% (irreal): If + Past Perfect, would + have + past participle (tots tres en columna)

Voz pasiva

• Present simple: keep / keeps → is/are kept
• Present continuous: is/are keeping → is/are being kept
• Past simple: kept → was/were kept
• Past continuous: was/were keeping → was/were being kept
• Present perfect: have kept → have been kept
• Future simple: will keep → will be kept
• Future perfect: will have kept → will have been kept
• Conditional: would keep → would be kept
• Conditional perfect: would have kept → would have been kept
• Infinitive: to keep → to be kept
• Modal verbs: can't / must / may keep → can't be kept / must be kept / may be kept

Funciones comunes

Peticiones

• Could / Can you lend me 20€, please?
• Would you pass me the salt, please?
• Would you mind opening the door?

Ofertas

• Shall I...? / May I...?

Consejos

• You should / ought to / had better...

Sugerencias

• Why don't we...? / How about...? / Let's go for a swim. / We could...

Verbos y estructuras útiles

• HAVE = tenir
• Reporting verbs: say (to + person + that) / tell + person (that) / ask + person
• try + to: intentar
• could: podria (condicional)
• suggest: suggerir
• agree: estar d'acord
• show: ensenyar
• offer: oferir
• should: hauria de