Inglés para Electricistas: Vocabulario, Verbos Irregulares y Voz Pasiva con Práctica Real
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Inglés para Electricistas: Vocabulario, Verbos Irregulares y Voz Pasiva
Un día de trabajo de un electricista
I start my day at 6:30 a.m., then check my toolbox for work. I make sure I have everything I need: pliers, wire cutters, a screwdriver, and my voltage tester. Once I get to the jobsite, I review all the blueprints and talk with my team so we're all on the same page.
My day is a mix of installing wires, configuring outlets, and troubleshooting electrical issues. Sometimes, I need to review blueprints to figure out where everything goes. Safety is always on my mind, so I wear gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat. I also test the wires before touching them; I'd rather take an extra second than get a nasty shock.
I usually finish around 5:00 p.m. I clean my tools, put everything away neatly, and review the jobs I have tomorrow. It's nice to end the day knowing all my work is done right.
Verbos irregulares: tercera forma (Past Participle)
Los verbos irregulares cambian de forma en pasado y en participio pasado. A continuación encontrarás la lista con su traducción al español.
| Past Participle | Traducción |
| written | escribir |
| driven | conducir |
| ridden | montar |
| shone / shined | brillar |
| risen | elevar / elevarse |
| frozen | congelar |
| woken | despertarse |
| worn | llevar puesto / ponerse |
| sworn | jurar |
| torn | romper / desgarrar / rasgar |
| born | soportar |
| stolen | robar |
| broken | romper |
| spoken | hablar |
| got / gotten | conseguir / tener |
| forgotten | olvidar |
| won | ganar |
| begun | empezar |
| drunk | beber |
| swum | nadar |
| sung | cantar |
| rung | sonar |
| sunk | hundir / hundirse |
| stunk | apestar / hacer mal olor |
| run | correr |
| sat | sentarse |
| given | dar |
| forgiven | perdonar |
| come | venir |
| become | convertirse en / llegar a ser |
| spent | gastar / pasar |
| sent | enviar |
| lent | dejar prestado |
| built | construir / hacer |
| learnt | aprender |
| burnt | quemar |
| meant | significar / tener intención de |
| dreamt | soñar |
| dealt | negociar / lidiar |
| smelt | oler |
| spelt | deletrear |
| lost | perder |
| thought | pensar |
| taught | enseñar |
| caught | capturar / coger / atrapar |
| brought | traer |
| bought | comprar |
| fought | luchar |
| sought | buscar |
| known | conocer / saber |
| grown | crecer / hacer crecer |
| thrown | lanzar |
| blown | soplar |
| flown | volar |
| drawn | dibujar |
| met | reunirse con / conocer a alguien (por primera vez) |
| fed | alimentar |
| bled | sangrar |
| led | guiar |
| chosen | elegir / escoger |
| shot | disparar |
| taken | coger / tomar |
| mistaken | equivocarse |
| stood | estar de pie |
| understood | entender |
| felt | sentir |
| kept | guardar / estar en posesión de algo |
| slept | dormir |
| swept | barrer |
| wept | llorar |
| left | irse |
| stuck | enganchar |
| hung | colgar |
| swung | balancearse / oscilar |
| struck | golpear |
| dug | cavar |
| stung | picar (insectos o animales) |
| said | decir |
| paid | pagar |
| laid | extender o tumbar (en una superficie) |
| sold | vender |
| told | decir |
| bitten | morder |
| hidden | esconder |
| fallen | caer |
| held | sostener |
| been | ser / estar |
| done | hacer |
| had | tener |
| gone | ir |
| made | hacer |
| eaten | comer |
| seen | ver |
| heard | escuchar |
| found | encontrar |
| forbidden | prohibir |
| lit | encender (luces) o iluminar |
Vocabulario técnico: electricidad e instalaciones
Estos son los términos más útiles en el trabajo diario de un electricista:
- ENCHUFE - plug
- CABLE - wire
- BOMBILLA - light bulb
- INTERRUPTOR - switch
- FLUORESCENTE - fluorescent light
- PORTALÁMPARAS - lamp holder
- VOLTÍMETRO - multimeter
- CORTACIRCUITOS - circuit breaker
- TOMA DE CORRIENTE - socket / outlet
- DIFERENCIAL - trip switch (RCD)
- PANEL DE DISTRIBUCIÓN - distribution panel
- CONTADOR ELÉCTRICO - electric meter
- MAGNETOTÉRMICO - main switch
- TOMA DE TIERRA - earthed / grounded
- CABLEADO - wiring
- BOMBILLA DE BAJO CONSUMO - energy saving bulb
- CORTACABLES - wire cutters
- ALICATES - pliers
- DESTORNILLADORES - screwdrivers
- DESTORNILLADOR PLANO - flathead screwdriver
- DESTORNILLADOR DE PUNTA DE CRUZ - Phillips screwdriver
- GUANTES DE SEGURIDAD - protective gloves
- GAFAS DE PROTECCIÓN - protective goggles
- AISLADO / AISLAMIENTO - insulated
- FUENTE DE ALIMENTACIÓN - power supply
- PLANOS - blueprints
- CINTA MÉTRICA - tape measure
- MARTILLO - hammer
- PELACABLES - wire strippers
- ARANDELA - washer
- SIERRA PARA METAL - hacksaw
- LLAVE INGLESA - wrench
- PROBADOR DE CONTINUIDAD - continuity tester
- TUERCA - nut
- NIVEL - spirit level
Voz pasiva en pasado (Past Simple Passive)
La voz pasiva se forma con was / were + participio pasado. Se usa cuando lo importante es la acción o quien la recibe, no quien la realiza.
Estructura: Sujeto + was/were + participio pasado (+ by + agente)
| Verbo base | Voz pasiva |
| feed | were fed |
| make | was made |
| find (found) | was founded |
| hold | were held |
| produce | were produced |
| end | was ended |
Nota: el verbo find se corrige a was found (no "founded", que significa "fundar").
Ejemplos de voz pasiva
- Amazing cookies are made by my sister. (Las galletas son hechas por mi hermana.)
- A brand new Ferrari was bought by him. (Un Ferrari nuevo fue comprado por él.)
- A lot of ham is eaten by people in Montenegro. (Mucho jamón es comido por la gente en Montenegro.)
- Traditional songs are usually sung by old women. (Las canciones tradicionales suelen ser cantadas por mujeres mayores.)
- The exams were finished by them last Monday. (Los exámenes fueron terminados por ellos el lunes pasado.)
- A lot of slivovitz is drunk by people in Serbia. (Mucha slivovitz es bebida por la gente en Serbia.)
- Christmas is celebrated by the Orthodox on 7 January. (La Navidad es celebrada por los ortodoxos el 7 de enero.)
- "Tell Him" is sung by Céline Dion. ("Tell Him" es cantada por Céline Dion.)
- Several matches were won by Budućnost. (Varios partidos fueron ganados por el Budućnost.)
- Montenegro is visited by a lot of tourists in summer. (Montenegro es visitado por muchos turistas en verano.)
- The vase was broken by the dog yesterday. (El jarrón fue roto por el perro ayer.)
- Pork isn't eaten by Muslims. (El cerdo no es comido por los musulmanes.)
Ejercicio: Verdadero o Falso
- FALSE. It was found in India.
- TRUE.
- FALSE. He did not sell it, he bought it.
- TRUE.
- FALSE. It was painted by Edvard Munch.
- FALSE. It was stolen twice.