Reported Speech en Inglés: Gramática, Estructuras y Vocabulario sobre el Hogar
Grammar
1- Verb + (that) + sentence in reported speech. Say, reply, add, admit, agree, announce, claim, complain, explain, promise, deny, confess
He promised that he would help me.
2- Verb + object + (that) + sentence in reported speech. Tell, remind, warn, inform
She informed us that she was running late.
3- Verb + question word/if + sentence in reported speech. Ask, wonder, want to know
She wanted to know if I would go to the party that night.
4- Verb + (not) to-infinitive. Agree, offer, claim, threaten, promise, refuse, demand
I offered to help my mum.
5- Verb + object + (not) to-infinitive. Tell, advise, forbid, ask, instruct, order, warn, invite, remind
The teacher instructed us to do the activity.
6- Verb + gerund. Deny, admit, suggest, recommend, regret
The waiter recommended trying the fish.
7- Verb + (object) + preposition + gerund. Insist on, accuse sb of, confess to, congratulate sb on, criticise sb for, warn sb against, apologise for, blame sb for, object to, thank sb for
Police accused him of the crime.
8- Verb + (that) + object + (should) + infinitive without to. Suggest, recommend, insist, demand
They suggested that we should go to the museum.
Impersonal Reporting Structures
1- It + be + past participle of believe, know, think, say, expect, claim, report + that. Eg, It is said that… It was claimed that…
2- Subject + be + past participle of believe, know, think, say, expect, claim, report + to-infinitive/have + past participle. Eg, Dolphins are said to be able to communicate. The president was claimed to have known about it.
Vocabulary
At home with = Cómodo
Home truths = Verdades que duelen
Home and dry = Haber ganado o estar seguro de hacerlo
Isn't anything to write home about = Nada especial
Brings it home to you = Hacerte darte cuenta de algo (usualmente algo no muy lindo) o hacerte entender algo mejor que antes
Home from home = Te hace sentir como en casa
Take home = Ganancia de dinero
Homed in = Moverse rápido hacia algo
Cambios de tiempos verbales en Reported Speech
Present simple → Past simple
Present continuous → Past continuous
Present perfect (S + have/has + past participle) → Past perfect (S + had + PP)
Past simple → Past perfect
Past continuous (S + was/were + ing) → Past perfect continuous (S + had been + V-ing)
Past perfect → Past perfect
Must → Had to
Cambios de expresiones de tiempo y lugar
Today → that day
Tomorrow → the following day
Yesterday → the previous day
Last month/year/Tuesday → the previous month/year/Tuesday
Next month/year/Tuesday → the following month/year/Tuesday
Now → then
Here → there
Reported Questions
When reporting questions, we write it as a sentence (subject + verb).
Do you like studying English? → He asked if/whether I liked studying English.
Where did you go on vacation? → He asked where I had gone on vacation.
Reported Orders (Imperative)
We use the reporting verbs tell, order, or ask.
Do your homework. → The teacher told me to do my homework.
Don't hit your brother. → My mother ordered me not to hit my brother.
Vocabulary: Alquiler y Vivienda
Do up (a property) = Remodelar
Flat/house hunt = Buscar departamento o casa en venta
Flat/house share = Departamento o casa donde viven amigos
Fully-furnished = Totalmente amueblado
Landlord/landlady = Dueño/a de la propiedad
Lodger = Inquilino que vive con el dueño
Move in = Mudarse
Put down a deposit = Pagar al empezar a rentar; te lo devuelven al terminar
Squatter = Okupa (ocupante ilegal)
Tenant = Inquilino
Ground rules = Reglas básicas
A bit of a nightmare = Una pesadilla
Turn up unannounced = Aparecer sin avisar
In the same boat = En el mismo barco
Beats trawling (to trawl = to search) = Mejor que buscar a ciegas
Handy with DIY = Ser bueno con el bricolaje (DIY)
It's worth the hassle = Vale la pena
Mod cons = Comodidades modernas de la casa