Vocabulario y Gramática Esencial de Inglés: Phrasal Verbs, Modales, Gerundio e Infinitivo
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Vocabulario en inglés con traducción
Lista de palabras y expresiones con su significado en español:
- amount: cantidad
- avoid: evitar
- after: después
- borrow: pedir prestado
- before: antes
- crew: equipo
- crowd: multitud
- confidence: confianza
- crops: cultivos
- caught a cold: coger un resfriado
- downtown: centro de la ciudad
- drive: impulsivo
- delightful: encantador
- debris: escombros
- devote: dedicar
- endless: sin fin
- fiancée: prometida
- gossip: cotillear
- greenhouse effect: efecto invernadero
- harmless: inofensivo
- halfway: a mitad de camino
- harmful: dañino
- infatuation: amor ciego
- inhabit: habitar
- letdown: decepción
- lavish: espléndido
- lend: prestar
- landfill: relleno sanitario
- litter: basura
- logging: explotación forestal
- lack: falta
- made their way: se abrieron paso
- outrageous: indignante
- proud: orgulloso
- pursue: perseguir
- pressure: presión
- passer-by: transeúnte
- quicker route: ruta rápida
- rubbish: basura
- swung: balancearse / peinarse
- snapping: hacer fotos
- straight: recto
- surrounded: rodeado
- tight: apretado
- trend: tendencia
- tangled: enredado
- trash: basura
- uproar: escándalo
- used up: agotado
- willing: dispuesto a
- wiped out: eliminado
Collocations con TAKE
- take a break
- take a photo
- take a look
- take a rest
- take a seat
- take a taxi
- take an exam
- take notes
- take someone's place
- take someone's temperature
- take for granted
- take pride in
- take by surprise
- take charge
Collocations con CATCH
- catch a ball
- catch a bus
- catch a chill
- catch a cold
- catch a thief
- catch fire
- catch sight of
- catch someone's eye
- catch someone's attention
- catch the flu
Collocations con GO
- go abroad
- go astray
- go bad
- go bald
- go bankrupt
- go blind
- go crazy
- go dark
- go deaf
- go fishing
- go mad
- go missing
- go on foot
- go online
- go out of business
- go overseas
- go quiet
- go sailing
- go to war
- go yellow
Sufijos en inglés
- -ment / -ion / -ship / -ness / -ance: agreement, invitation, conclusion, friendship, happiness, obedience, annoyance
- -er / -or / -ian / -ist: runner, sailor, musician, personality
- -th / -al / -ous / -able / -ant / -ent: strength, national, dangerous, predictable, reversible, attractive, resistant, confident
Adjetivos con preposición: ser y estar
- bored (estar aburrido) / boring (ser aburrido)
- careful (cuidadoso) / careless (descuidado)
Gerundio e infinitivo
Verbos seguidos de gerundio (+ING)
continue, deny, detest, dislike, enjoy, finish, hate, like, love, miss, prefer, recommend, suggest.
Expresiones seguidas de gerundio
about, be used to / get used to, can't help, can't stand, don't mind, wouldn't mind, feel like, it's no use, look forward to, spend (time) + ING.
Verbos seguidos de infinitivo (+TO)
agree, appear, choose, decide, hope, learn, plan, promise, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, expect, manage.
Adjetivos seguidos de infinitivo
busy, happy, ready, tired, willing.
Verbos con objeto + infinitivo
advise, help, invite, persuade, teach, tell, warn + TO + infinitivo.
Love, like, prefer, hate
+ ING: significado general. + TO: significado particular.
Verbos modales
Modales simples
- Habilidad: can, could, be able to
- Obligación: must (deber), have to (tener que)
- Prohibición: mustn't
- Falta de obligación: needn't
- Permiso: can, may
- Probabilidad: may, might
- Sugerencia: should, ought to
Modales perfectos
could, should, needn't, must, may, would + have + participio (3ª columna o -ed).
Present Perfect Continuous
Se usa para una acción que comenzó en el pasado y continúa en el presente.
- I / You have been working
- I / You have not been working
- Have I / you been working?
- He / She / It has been working
- We / You / They have been working
Palabras clave: for a year, since 2002, how long...?, all night / morning / day / week...
Past Perfect Continuous
Se usa para una acción que había comenzado antes de otra acción pasada y continuó hasta ese momento.
- I / You had been waiting
- I / You had not been waiting
- Had I / you been waiting?
- El resto de formas sigue la misma estructura.
Palabras clave: for hours, since last April, all morning..., when, until, before.