Apuntes, resúmenes, trabajos, exámenes y ejercicios de Inglés de Secundaria

Present Perfect

Present Perfect:

• Hechos recientes (news)
• Experiencias que has vivido (EVER)
• Con los verbos de estado (ver, entender, oír, conocer) y con for, since, how long
• Hecho reciente con consecuencia en el presente

Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous:

• Acciones que pasan repeatedly
• Con verbos dinámicos (acciones), para mostrar la duración: for...
• Explicar algo que acabas de estar haciendo
• (State verbs) = no son acciones, son sentimientos

-ING y TO

-ING

-ING: (acción pasada)

• As a subject
• After prepositions
• After go
• After expresiones such as used to / get used to

Verbos seguidos de -ING: admit, advise, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, deny, enjoy, fancy, feel, like, finish, give up, imagine, intend, keep, mind, miss, practice, propose,...

Tiempos verbales del pasado

Past continuous: I was watching TV last night. / I wasn't watching TV last night. / Were you watching TV last night?

Past simple: We bought a new computer yesterday.

Past continuous: What were you doing at ten o'clock last night?

Used to: Carlos used to go to San Andreu school. (Carlos iba a la escuela de San Andreu.) Carlos didn't use to go. / Did you use to go...?

Present perfect

Present perfect: Víctor has gone out with his friends. (Víctor ha salido con sus amigos.) Víctor hasn't gone... / Has Víctor gone...?

Con already, yet, just, for, since

• With already: We've already done our homework. (Ya hemos hecho los deberes.)
• With yet: They haven't seen Víctor yet. (Todavía no hemos visto a Víctor.)
• With just: I've just

Spring Is Here: All the Colours of the World

India: The Holi Festival

In India, people celebrate the Holi festival, which takes place on the first night of the spring equinox. The streets are illuminated by bonfires to drive away evil spirits and represent the triumph of good. The next day, people throw powders of different colours mixed with water, then they dance and sing.

Mexico: The Plumed Serpent

On the first day of spring, people go up to the temple of Chichén Itzá, dedicated to Kukulkán, the plumed serpent. On the steps of the pyramid, there are lights. When the sun sets, the shape of the serpent goes down, and when the sun rises, it returns to the sky.

China: Spring and Light

In China, people celebrate Qingming, the Festival of Brightness,...

Essential English Vocabulary: Definitions and Usage

Expand your English vocabulary with key terms, collocations, and idioms commonly used in sports, competitions, and daily communication. Each entry includes a clear definition and an illustrative example sentence.

General Vocabulary and Idioms

• Disappointment: A feeling of unhappiness because something is not as good as you expected, or has not happened in the way you hoped.

  e.g., He could see the disappointment in her eyes.

• Severe: Severe problems, injuries, illnesses, etc., are very bad or very serious.

  e.g., She’s suffering from severe depression.

• To cut a long story short: Used to say that you are only going to mention the main facts of something.

  e.g., To cut a long story short, he threw them

VOCABULARY TEMA 4: PHRASAL VERBS

ask out: pedir salir a alguien

bring up: sacar un tema

fall out with: enfadarse con

get on with: llevarse bien con

go out with: salir con alguien

hang out with: quedar con

look after: cuidar de alguien

make up with: reconciliarse con alguien

meet up with: reunirse con

settle down with: independizarse

split up with: separarse de alguien

tell off: regañar

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

frown: fruncir el ceño

gesticulate: gesticular

give a hug: dar a alguien un abrazo

hold hands: darse la mano

kiss on the cheek: besar a alguien en la mejilla

make eye contact: mirar a los ojos

raise your eyebrows: subir las cejas

roll your eyes: poner los ojos en blanco

shake hands: estrechar la mano

shrug your shoulders: encogerse de hombros

smile: sonreír

stare:...

Grammar

1- Verb + (that) + sentence in reported speech. Say, reply, add, admit, agree, announce, claim, complain, explain, promise, deny, confess

He promised that he would help me.

2- Verb + object + (that) + sentence in reported speech. Tell, remind, warn, inform

She informed us that she was running late.

3- Verb + question word/if + sentence in reported speech. Ask, wonder, want to know

She wanted to know if I would go to the party that night.

4- Verb + (not) to-infinitive. Agree, offer, claim, threaten, promise, refuse, demand

I offered to help my mum.

5- Verb + object + (not) to-infinitive. Tell, advise, forbid, ask, instruct, order, warn, invite, remind

The teacher instructed us to do the activity.

6- Verb + gerund. Deny, admit, suggest, recommend,...

La energía en el futuro

La energía solar es cada vez más popular, pero ¿es realmente la mejor solución? Enfrentamos problemas irremediables relacionados con la contaminación y el cambio climático; por ello, necesitamos buscar fuentes de energía limpias y sostenibles que puedan perdurar.

Ventajas de la energía solar

Por un lado, la energía solar es renovable. El sol no se agotará durante millones de años, por lo que puede proporcionar una fuente de energía a largo plazo. Los recursos naturales pueden protegerse cuando los combustibles fósiles son reemplazados por energía solar.

Los sistemas de energía solar ya están instalados en muchos edificios nuevos. La energía solar promueve economías más limpias, protege el medio ambiente...

Canciones Esenciales para iTunes

CANCIONES PARA ITUNES:

Selección Principal de Electro House y Dance

Personal qualities

Adjetivos de cualidades personales: pleasant-unpleasant, patient-impatient, intelligent-unintelligent, honest-dishonest, polite-impolite, popular-unpopular, sociable-unsociable.

Negative prefixes

Los prefijos negativos se añaden a un adjetivo para expresar su significado contrario: logical-illogical, legal-illegal, correct-incorrect, friendly-unfriendly, regular-irregular, possible-impossible, emotional-unemotional, sympathetic-unsympathetic, sincere-insincere, practical-impractical, honest-dishonest, responsible-irresponsible, patient-impatient, agreeable-disagreeable, sensitive-insensitive.

Phrasal verbs

Make off with

Robar y huir rápidamente con algo: steal and hurry away with.

Make up

Inventar: invent.

Make out

Lograr ver o distinguir...

Vocabulario Avanzado en Inglés

diatribe: condemnation, abusive criticism

ransom: a price or payment in return

pervade: to be spread (permanecer)

collaborate: to work together

comply: to act according to a command (obedecer)

surreptitiously: secretly

palatable: acceptable to the taste

proposition: suggested plan

commend: to speak highly of (alabar)

impudent: disrespectful, irrespetuoso

acute: sharp

connived: pensar en una nueva idea

vex: annoy

stifled: (tapar la boca, etc.)

crevice: crack (hendidura)

stealthily: secretly, cautiously

audacity:

vehemently: with intense emotion

derision: ridicule

exuberant: vigorous

valor: courage, brave

assert: imponerse

decree: an official order

retribution: castigo

doleful: sad, mournful

procure: to obtain

subordinate: less important,...